Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Aggregation-induced C–C bond formation on an electrode driven by the surface tension of water Electrochemical organic synthesis is typically conducted in organic media negatively affecting the sustainability of electrosynthesis. Here, the authors realize aggregation-driven electrochemical radical cross coupling of unsaturated compounds using only water as solvent. Mengfan Li & Xu Cheng Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Cooperative dynamic polaronic picture of diamond color centers Polaronic behavior associated with the Jahn-Teller effect has been studied in NV centers in diamond but other types of polarons are possible. Here the authors study electro-optical response of NV centers using ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy and find an enhancement due to cooperative polaronic effect. Takuto Ichikawa, Junjie Guo & Muneaki Hase Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Day-Night imaging without Infrared Cutfilter removal based on metal-gradient perovskite single crystal photodetector Ma et al. report Pb-Sn alloyed perovskite with vertical gradient bandgap for bias-switchable photodetectors with response from visible to NIR region, enabling day-night imaging without Infrared Cutfilter Removal for color perception under infrared interference and 26 bit gray-level resolution. Yao Ma, Leting Shan & Junhao Chu Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Bragg grating etalon-based optical fiber for ultrasound and optoacoustic detection The authors embed a micro-resonator in a 10 µm core fiber, which enables ultrasound wave detection with large bandwidth and small aperture. This facilitates high-resolution optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging and ultrasonography. Tai Anh La, Okan Ülgen & Vasilis Ntziachristos Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Overcoming the coherence time barrier in quantum machine learning on temporal data Inherent limitations on continuously measured quantum systems calls into question whether they could even in principle be used for online learning. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate a quantum machine learning framework for inference on streaming data of arbitrary length, and provide a theory with criteria for the utility of their algorithm for inference on streaming data. Fangjun Hu, Saeed A. Khan & Hakan E. Türeci Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Selective oxidation of methane to C2+ products over Au-CeO2 by photon-phonon co-driven catalysis To achieve high yield and selectivity of C2+ products from methane conversion, the authors report a photon-phonon co-driven catalytic process using CeO2 catalysts. Gold, as a co-catalyst, promotes C-C coupling and suppresses overoxidation Chao Wang, Youxun Xu & Junwang Tang Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Microwave signal processing using an analog quantum reservoir computer Quantum reservoir computing might in principle give advantages in solving signal classification tasks, but current implementations usually incur in the digitalization bottleneck. Here, the authors demonstrate an implementation dealing directly with the analogue MW signals. Alen Senanian, Sridhar Prabhu & Peter L. McMahon Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access A Foundation Model Identifies Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Peptides against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection New approaches to develop antimicrobial agents are urgently needed. In this study, the authors develop a peptide language-based deep generative model to design broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides against drug-resistant bacteria and validate promising candidates in a wound mouse model. Tingting Li, Xuanbai Ren & Feixiong Cheng Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Immunocompatible elastomer with increased resistance to the foreign body response Fibrous capsule formation limits the lifetime of implanted devices. Here, the authors report on an elastomer designed to reduce the immune response which shows enhanced device utility in both mice and non-human primate models, including in an insulin infusion catheter model. Xianchi Zhou, Zhouyu Lu & Peng Zhang Article 30 August 2024 | Open Access Ultraconformable cuff implants for long-term bidirectional interfacing of peripheral nerves at sub-nerve resolutions Nerve interfaces have the potential to deliver therapythroughout the body by monitoring and modulating function via the peripheral nervous system. Here, the authors present an ultraconformable cuff capable of high-resolution recording and stimulation of nerve activity in freely-moving conditions. Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte, Alexander J. Boys & George G. Malliaras Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access The importance of A-site cation chemistry in superionic halide solid electrolytes The role of the A-site (A=Li, Na, Cu and Ag) cation chemistry on ionic conductivity is studied in A2ZrCl6 solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). This work explores the limits of conductivity in halide SSEs, providing new avenues for materials design. Kit Barker, Sarah L. McKinney & Ieuan D. Seymour Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access A singular plasmonic-thermoelectric hollow nanostructure inducing apoptosis and cuproptosis for catalytic cancer therapy Thermoelectric catalytic therapy is an emerging therapeutic approach but faces the issue of limited temperature variations in living organisms. Here the authors address this issue by developing urchin-like Cu2−xSe hollow nanospheres that display a cascade of plasmonic photothermal and thermoelectric conversion processes for plasmonic-thermoelectric catalytic cancer therapy. Lu Yang, Zhiyu Zhao & Jun Lin Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Quasi-equilibrium growth of inch-scale single-crystal monolayer α-In2Se3 on fluor-phlogopite The controlled growth of large-area single-crystalline 2D semiconductors remains a significant challenge for their electronic applications. Here, the authors report a quasi-equilibrium growth method to synthesize inch-scale monolayer α-In2Se3 with high mobility and ferroelectric field-effect transistor performance. Kunpeng Si, Yifan Zhao & Yongji Gong Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Disentangling heterogeneous thermocatalytic formic acid dehydrogenation from an electrochemical perspective pH-dependent rate determining steps and cation effects for thermocatalytic formic acid dehydrogenation at Pd/solution interfaces are analyzed electrochemically based on the coupling of formic acid oxidation reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction. Xianxian Qin, Jiejie Li & Wen-Bin Cai Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Spatially controllable and mechanically switchable isomorphous organoferroeleastic crystal optical waveguides and networks Organic ferroelastic crystals have promise as materials for photonic devices, but control of bending can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of isomorphous, Schiff base crystals, with sharp bending at multiple interfaces. Subham Ranjan, Avulu Vinod Kumar & Satoshi Takamizawa Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access A Fe-NC electrocatalyst boosted by trace bromide ions with high performance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells Replacing expensive and rare platinum with metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells is limited by their lower activity and stability for oxygen reduction reactions. The authors report Fe-N-C catalyst with trace Br ions to enhance Fe-N4 density and introduce defects and mesopores, achieving high activity for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Shuhu Yin, Long Chen & Shigang Sun Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Quenched disorder and instability control dynamic fracture in three dimensions Materials fail by the three-dimensional (3D) propagation of cracks. The authors show that material disorder is essential for understanding a wide variety of experimental observations on 3D spatiotemporal failure dynamics and emerging structures. Yuri Lubomirsky & Eran Bouchbinder Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Tough double-bouligand architected concrete enabled by robotic additive manufacturing Inspired by toughening mechanisms in the coelacanth fish scale microstructure, the authors demonstrate a bio-inspired approach to design tough double-helical architected concrete materials. Through advanced robotic additive manufacturing techniques crack resistance of concrete materials is enhanced. Arjun Prihar, Shashank Gupta & Reza Moini Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Stabilized Cuδ+-OH species on in situ reconstructed Cu nanoparticles for CO2-to-C2H4 conversion in neutral media The use of membrane electrode assembly electrolyzers in a neutral electrolyte offer potential for large-scale CO2 reduction to multicarbon products, but progress is hindered by low selectivity and unclear reaction mechanisms. Here, the authors regulate the interfacial microenvironment of Cu to stabilize Cuδ + -OH active species for selective C2H4 production. Lei Wang, Zhiwen Chen & Yimin A. Wu Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Uncovering avalanche sources via acceleration measurements Avalanche events emerge in the mechanical deformation of numerous materials. However, the avalanche sources that give rise to those ubiquitous events have remained unexplored until now. Here, the authors uncover the source functions, providing insights into the dynamics of the mechanical deformation. Emil Bronstein, Eilon Faran & Doron Shilo Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Optimising CNT-FET biosensor design through modelling of biomolecular electrostatic gating and its application to β-lactamase detection Functionalised carbon nanotube field-effect transistors have great potential in biosensing, but optimising the attachment of receptor proteins can be challenging. Here the authors use computational modelling to help predict how attached proteins affect electrical conductance in a nano-carbon biosensor. Rebecca E. A. Gwyther, Sébastien Côté & D. Dafydd Jones Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Engineering active and robust alloy-based electrocatalyst by rapid Joule-heating toward ampere-level hydrogen evolution The rapid Joule heating method has been reported for rational design of bimetallic alloy (RuMo alloy) to improve the electrocatalytic activity and stability of Mo-based cathode for ampere-level alkaline hydrogen evolution. Zhan Zhao, Jianpeng Sun & Xiangchao Meng Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Acquisition parameters influence AI recognition of race in chest x-rays and mitigating these factors reduces underdiagnosis bias Artificial intelligence (AI) models can perform unequally across patient groups and can also be trained to recognize patient demographics. Here, the authors show that image acquisition parameters influence AI models trained to predict patient race from chest x-rays and that mitigating these factors reduces an underdiagnosis bias. William Lotter Perspective 29 August 2024 | Open Access Bio-integrated carbon capture and utilization: at the interface between capture chemistry and archaeal CO2 reduction Existing carbon capture and utilization technologies are hindered by significant energy penalties. Here, the authors discuss the Bio-Integrated Carbon Capture and Utilization (BICCU) technology, which mitigates the energy penalties while generating valuable C1 and C2 products. Mads Ujarak Sieborg, Amalie Kirstine Hessellund Nielsen & Michael Vedel Wegener Kofoed Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Interacting internal waves explain global patterns of interior ocean mixing The authors use interacting internal wave theory and global observational databases to calculate the turbulent energy rate available for ocean mixing, which is a critical metric for climate prediction that is still lacking rigorous understanding. Giovanni Dematteis, Arnaud Le Boyer & Yuri V. Lvov Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Facile engineering of interactive double network hydrogels for heart valve regeneration Regenerative heart valve prostheses rely on interactive materials that can adapt to the remodeling process, but these materials are often based on complex designs. Using 1,1’-thiocarbonyldiimidazole chemistry, the authors propose a double network hydrogel formulation for heart valve regeneration. Jinsheng Li, Weihua Qiao & Yuzhou Wu Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Orbital modulation of subtropical versus subantarctic moisture sources in the southeast Pacific mid-latitudes Indicators measured in sediments off Chile suggest that the variability in the source and amount of rainfall is controlled by a combination of both the subtropics and the subantarctic zone in the mid-latitudes at orbital timescales. Jérôme Kaiser, Enno Schefuß & Frank Lamy Article 29 August 2024 | Open Access Variations of organic functional chemistry in carbonaceous matter from the asteroid 162173 Ryugu A new study of samples from the Ryugu asteroid reveal a greater diversity of macromolecular organic matter than that found in related carbonaceous meteorites. Researchers find distinct populations of alkyl-aromatic grains, and organic carbonate is found with coarse-grained clay minerals Bradley De Gregorio, George D. Cody & Yuichi Tsuda Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Near-complete chiral selection in rotational quantum states A potential origin of homochirality in living organisms is the parity-violating energy difference between enantiomers. Here, the authors realize a technique to control rotational states of chiral molecules using microwave and ultraviolet radiation. JuHyeon Lee, Elahe Abdiha & Sandra Eibenberger-Arias Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Electrochemical meta-C–H sulfonylation of pyridines with nucleophilic sulfinates Direct meta-selective C–H functionalization of pyridines is of paramount importance, but such reactions remain limited and highly challenging. Here, the authors report an electrochemical methodology in which nucleophilic sulfinates allow meta-sulfonylation of pyridines through a redox-neutral dearomatization-rearomatization strategy. Shi Qin, Mingkai Yang & Zhongyi Zeng Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Signatures of polarized chiral spin disproportionation in rare earth nickelates Rare earth Nickelates, (RENiO3) host a bond disproportionation phase transition where oxygen 2p holes form at one of the Ni sites. This process results in a spin-disproportionation state where a singlet state is formed by the spin of the nickel and the spin of the oxygen hole at every other site. Here, Li et al find evidence of this spin-disproportionated state in a rareearth nickelate. Jiarui Li, Robert J. Green & Riccardo Comin Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Proton exchange membrane-like alkaline water electrolysis using flow-engineered three-dimensional electrodes Efficient gas bubble removal is crucial for high-rate water electrolysis aimed at optimizing hydrogen production. Here, the authors show that integrating 3-D foam electrodes into a specially designed cell configuration enables alkaline water electrolysis to perform comparably to advanced systems, thereby enhancing overall efficiency. Fernando Rocha, Christos Georgiadis & Joris Proost Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Multiferroicity in plastically deformed SrTiO3 Plastic deformation induces robust magnetism in SrTiO3, which is completely absent in pristine samples. This magnetism coexists with ferroelectric order, showcasing plastic deformation as a powerful tool for manipulating quantum material properties. Xi Wang, Anirban Kundu & Avraham Klein Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Leveraging long-lived arenium ions in superacid for meta-selective methylation The Friedel–Crafts reaction is one of the most well-known methods available to organic chemists, but Friedel–Crafts methylation of arenes is generally not effective. Here, the authors use an HF/SbF5 superacid system to generate an arenium ion, which enables meta-selective methylation after a rearrangement. Paul Bourbon, Kassandra Vitse & Sébastien Thibaudeau Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Chaperone solvent-assisted assembly of polymers at the interface of two immiscible liquids Assembly of polymers at liquid-liquid interfaces can aid in the preparation of polymer films, but can be challenging without inherent interfacial traction. Here, the authors report a method for film formation by exploitation of relative solubility of polymers in different immiscible solvents. Sai Zhao, Yongkang Jiang & Yu Chai Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access A temperature sensor with a wide spectral range based on a dual-emissive TADF dendrimer system Dual emission from organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters in the solution state is difficult to observe. Here the authors develop TADF dendrimers containing different rigid and planar N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon acceptors, which show dual emission emanating from a mixture of emission from monomer and aggregates both in solution and in paraffin and demonstrate its application as temperature sensor. Changfeng Si, Tao Wang & Eli Zysman-Colman Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Wireless, battery-free, and real-time monitoring of water permeation across thin-film encapsulation Water and ion ingress are challenging to quantify, especially in miniaturized microsystems. Here, Mariello et al. report a wireless and battery-free flexible water-permeation sensing platform, using backscatter communication and Mg-based microsensors for in-situ monitoring of implantable bioelectronics. Massimo Mariello, James Daniel Rosenthal & Stéphanie P. Lacour Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access A bright burst from FRB 20200120E in a globular cluster of the nearby galaxy M81 Repeating fast radio burst, FRB 20200120E, has been localized to a globular cluster M81. Here, the authors show detection of a burst from FRB 20200120E that is 42 times stronger than the previously detected bursts. S. B. Zhang, J. S. Wang & B. Zhang Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Long-term memory induced correction to Arrhenius law Kinetics of rare events in chemical systems can be described by Arrhenius law, however this is less elaborated in systems displaying complex dynamics leading to long-lived memory effects. The authors propose an analytical framework that identifies the effects of long-lived memory on rare event kinetics in chemical systems A. Barbier-Chebbah, O. Bénichou & T. Guérin Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access C3 Selective chalcogenation and fluorination of pyridine using classic Zincke imine intermediates Regioselective C–H functionalization of pyridines remains a persistent challenge due to their inherent electronically deficient properties. Here, the authors present a strategy for the selective pyridine C3-H thiolation, selenylation, and fluorination under mild conditions via classic N-2,4-dinitrophenyl Zincke imine intermediates. Shun Li, Juan Tang & Haiyan Fu Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Variations in plume activity reveal the dynamics of water-filled faults on Enceladus Cassini mission revealed water-rich plumes, with temporal variation, near the south pole of Saturn’s moon Enceladus. Here, the authors show combination of slip-controlled jet flow and normal-stress-controlled ambient flow can explain the temporal variability of Enceladus’ plumes. Ondřej Souček, Marie Běhounková & Gaël Choblet Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Loss-compensated non-reciprocal scattering based on synchronization Non-reciprocal scattering based on linear wave-mode coupling generally suffers from dissipative losses. Here, the authors show how such losses can be compensated by exploiting the synchronization with a limit cycle. Acoustic scattering experiments demonstrate non-reciprocal transmission of audible sound with full immunity against losses. Tiemo Pedergnana, Abel Faure-Beaulieu & Nicolas Noiray Article 28 August 2024 | Open Access Origins of complexity in the rheology of Soft Earth suspensions Regarding the failure and flow of wet soil, a question that remains is how soil material composition influences rheology. Based on Soft Earth suspension flow experiments, the authors discover a continuous transition from frictional-to-cohesive rheology recreating all complex behaviors reported for natural soil slurries. Shravan Pradeep, Paulo E. Arratia & Douglas J. Jerolmack Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Controlling photothermoelectric directional photocurrents in graphene with over 400 GHz bandwidth Self-powered graphene photodetectors based on the photothermoelectric effect (PTE) could provide low-noise operation in the telecom and mid-infrared ranges, but their bandwidth is usually limited. Here, the authors report the realization of PTE graphene photodetectors integrated with a metamaterial perfect absorber, showing a 3-dB bandwidth above 400 GHz. Stefan M. Koepfli, Michael Baumann & Juerg Leuthold Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Entropy-increased LiMn2O4-based positive electrodes for fast-charging lithium metal batteries Effective development of rechargeable lithium-based batteries requires fast-charging electrode materials. Here, the authors report entropy-increased LiMn2O4-based positive electrodes for fast-charging non-aqueous Li metal batteries. Weihao Zeng, Fanjie Xia & Jinsong Wu Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Transforming cyclopropanes to enamides via σ-C–C bond eliminative borylation Several methodologies have been proposed for hydroboration of cyclopropanes by activating C–C bonds, conventionally relying on noble and hazardous metal catalysts to control reaction outcomes. Here, the authors report a strategy for crafting stereochemically precise γ-borylenamides through ring-opening of cyclopropanes without metallic entities. Shuyu Kang, Jiahang Lv & Zhuangzhi Shi Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Certified algorithms for equilibrium states of local quantum Hamiltonians Algorithmic approaches to condensed matter physics can struggle to find solutions, as recent undecidability results have highlighted. Here, the authors design an algorithm based on convex relaxations for predicting measurements in quantum spin lattice systems, providing efficiency in a restricted setting. Hamza Fawzi, Omar Fawzi & Samuel O. Scalet Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Unlocking multi-photon excited luminescence in pyrazolate trinuclear gold clusters for dynamic cell imaging Coinage-metal-based cyclic trinuclear complexes have potential in diverse applications, but their use in biochemical applications has been limited due to particle size and hydrophobicity. Here, the authors report the development of such complexes with multi-photon luminescent properties for use in cell imaging. Yu-Xin Chen, Haidong Yu & Gangfeng Ouyang Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Pressure-controlled free exciton and self-trapped exciton emission in quasi-one-dimensional hybrid lead bromides Hybrid metal halides show sharp or broad emission from free excitons or self-trapped excitons depending on the structural dimensionality. Here, the authors realize control over both emission types through pressure regulation of quasi−1D samples. Bin Xu, Yawen Li & Zewei Quan Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Enantiospecificity in NMR enabled by chirality-induced spin selectivity The authors present a theoretical treatment demonstrating that NMR experiments on chiral molecules can reveal enantioselective nuclear J-couplings due to bond polarization and spin-orbit interaction. This also aids in understanding chirality-induced phenomena more generally and their applications. T. Georgiou, J. L. Palma & L.-S. BouchardArticle 27 August 2024 | Open Access Neuromorphic overparameterisation and few-shot learning in multilayer physical neural networks Physical reservoir computing systems often possess a single set of internal dynamics, limiting their computational capabilities. Here, Stenning et. al. create hierarchical neural networks with distinct physical reservoirs, enabling diverse computational performance and learning of small datasets. Kilian D. Stenning, Jack C. Gartside & Will R. Branford Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Rigid covalent organic frameworks with thiazole linkage to boost oxygen activation for photocatalytic water purification Linking COFs by rigid thiazole linkages can simultaneously enhance the stability, charge separation efficiency, and oxygen activation capability of COFs, resulting in the excellent photocatalytic degradation performance towards micropollutants in water. Yanghui Hou, Peng Zhou & Meiping Tong Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Harnessing forward multiple scattering for optical imaging deep inside an opaque medium Microscopy exploits light scattering to image biological tissues, but heterogeneities distort wave trajectories, creating a foggy image. A digital approach is proposed to harness these complex paths and reveal the inner structure of opaque media. Ulysse Najar, Victor Barolle & Alexandre Aubry Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Ground-state cooling of a mechanical oscillator by a noisy environment Sideband cooling is a well-known technique exploiting coherent pumping for cooling a quantum system, and recent theoretical work suggested that even broadband noise might be used to the same effect. Here, the authors demonstrate this by cooling a mechanical oscillator in its ground state using synthetic noise. Cheng Wang, Louise Banniard & Mika A. Sillanpää Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Comprehensive modeling of corkscrew motion in micro-/nano-robots with general helical structures Micro-/nano-robots (MNRs) hold potential for minimally invasive targeted therapies through blood vessels, but clinical use is hindered by challenges such as overcoming blood flow. This study proposes a dynamic model for general MNRs without structural limitations, validated through simulations and experiments, to facilitate their design, optimization, and control. Ningning Hu, Lujia Ding & Ruixue Yin Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Utilizing full-spectrum sunlight for ammonia decomposition to hydrogen over GaN nanowires-supported Ru nanoparticles on silicon The author report a Ru NPs/GaN NWs nanoarchitecture on Si for utilizing full spectrum to drive efficient and robust photothermal H2 production from NH3 with a high turnover number of >3,400,750 over 400 h. Jinglin Li, Bowen Sheng & Baowen Zhou Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Extensive hydrogen incorporation is not necessary for superconductivity in topotactically reduced nickelates The role of hydrogen in engendering superconductivity in layered nickelates is under intense debate. Here, the authors perform secondary ion mass spectroscopy and see no evidence for extensive hydrogen incorporation into superconducting nickelates. Purnima P. Balakrishnan, Dan Ferenc Segedin & Alexander J. Grutter Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Adaptive spatiotemporal neural networks through complementary hybridization Machine learning and neuromorphic computing network models have distinct strengths in processing spatiotemporal data. Here, authors propose hybrid spatiotemporal neural networks that combine these models, achieving better accuracy, robustness, and efficiency in varied environments across various benchmarks and real-world tasks. Yujie Wu, Bizhao Shi & Lei Deng Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Temporal multilayer structures in discrete physical systems towards arbitrary-dimensional non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm interferences The authors proposed a method for simulating non-Abelian Aharonov Bohm interferences with a temporal multilayer structure in the discrete physical system. Such a method for studying non-Abelian physics can be generalized to arbitrary dimensions. Zhaohui Dong, Xiaoxiong Wu & Luqi Yuan Review Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Nanoparticle-specific transformations dictate nanoparticle effects associated with plants and implications for nanotechnology use in agriculture Transformation of nanoparticles (NPs) after their application can form toxic or beneficial transformation products, which affects phytophysiology. Here, the authors review NP transformations both inside plants and at root and leaf interfaces, and the changes of nano-effects in crop systems. Linfeng Wei, Jiyan Liu & Guibin Jiang Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Temporally controlled multistep division of DNA droplets for dynamic artificial cells Controlling the dynamics of synthetic liquid-liquid phase separation droplets is essential for various bioinspired systems. Here, authors demonstrate temporally-controlled multi-step division of DNA-based liquid droplets, and develop a molecular computation system to compare miRNA concentrations. Tomoya Maruyama, Jing Gong & Masahiro Takinoue Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Visual interpretability of image-based classification models by generative latent space disentanglement applied to in vitro fertilization Identifying complex patterns through deep learning often comes at the cost of interpretability. Focusing on the interpretation of classification of in vitro fertilization embryos, the authors present DISCOVER, an approach that enables visual interpretability of image-based classification models. Oded Rotem, Tamar Schwartz & Assaf Zaritsky Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access Simulation-driven design of stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike S2 immunogens The evolutionarily conserved SARS-CoV-2 spike’s S2 subunit provides the foundation for its usage as an immunogen in vaccines. Here, the authors use a simulation-driven approach to design S2-only immunogens stabilized in the closed prefusion conformation. Xandra Nuqui, Lorenzo Casalino & Rommie E. Amaro Article 27 August 2024 | Open Access The temporal dynamics of group interactions in higher-order social networks The structure and dynamics of many social systems where human interactions involve communities can be described by higher-order networks. The authors propose a hypergraph-based model that describes how individuals form groups and navigate between groups of different sizes. Iacopo Iacopini, Márton Karsai & Alain Barrat Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Observation of nonlinear thermoelectric effect in MoGe/Y3Fe5O12 A second-order nonlinear thermoelectric effect can be used for making power generators using temperature fluctuations. Here, the authors report that a MoGe film on Y3Fe5O12 generates a voltage proportional to the square of the temperature gradient. Hiroki Arisawa, Yuto Fujimoto & Eiji Saitoh Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Transparent and high-porosity aluminum alkoxide network-forming glasses By linking in situ formed aluminium-oxo clusters and multi-dentate alcohol linkers in the presence of a bulky pore-templating modulator, the authors synthesized porous and transparent aluminium alkoxide network-forming glasses. Zihui Zhang & Yingbo Zhao Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Growing highly ordered Pt and Mn bimetallic single atomic layers over graphdiyne This work reports a facile method for growing highly ordered Pt and Mn bimetallic single atomic layers on graphdiyne. This fully activates loaded metal atoms and results in in high activity and selectivity for electrocatalytic alkene-to-diol conversion Zhiqiang Zheng, Lu Qi & Yuliang Li Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Single-cell laser emitting cytometry for label-free nucleolus fingerprinting Monitoring the biology of nucleoli remains challenging, particularly in the case of suspended cells and in high-throughput applications. Here, the authors report single-cell laser emitting cytometry, which can profile nucleoli in single cells and tissues in a label-free manner. Guocheng Fang, Zhen Qiao & Yu-Cheng Chen Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Unifying the ORR and OER with surface oxygen and extracting their intrinsic activities on platinum Catalyzing the splitting and formation of oxygen on noble metal surfaces are key reactions developing materials for electrolysis. Here, authors show on platinum that the state of a surface oxidation process is a key descriptor for the kinetics. Benedikt Axel Brandes, Yogeshwaran Krishnan & Johan Hjelm Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access 2-dimensional impact-damping electrostatic actuators with elastomer-enhanced auxetic structure Electrostatic actuators can imitate muscle features, but they are limited for real applications. Here, the authors show auxetic electrostatic actuators, using elastomer-enhanced auxetics and electrostatic zipping mechanism, that demonstrate muscle-like performance. Xuechuan Wang, Yongyue Wang & Xiaokui Yue Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Energy-efficient dynamic 3D metasurfaces via spatiotemporal jamming interleaved assemblies for tactile interfaces This paper introduces a load-bearing 3D dynamic metasurface that alters the stiffness of interleaved assemblies at various spatial points and temporal phases through jamming. This approach does not require continuous energy input and was demonstrated as a tactile display for the visually impaired. Siqi An, Xiaowen Li & Hanqing Jiang Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access A highly polarizable concentrated dipole glass for ultrahigh energy storage The authors introduce the concept of highly polarizable concentrated dipole glass, involving the reduction of polar order scale from the nanoscaled polar nanodomains in traditional relaxor ferroelectrics to atomic-scale individual dipoles. Jian Fu, Aiwen Xie & Ce-Wen Nan Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Nanofluidic sensing inspired by the anomalous water dynamics in electrical angstrom-scale channels Nanoconfined water has unique properties, often leading to the discovery of unexpected phenomena, which play key roles in applications such as sensing, filtration, and catalysis. Here authors report electrically controlled gating in cation (K+/Li+) intercalated multilayer Ti3C2 and describe anomalous water dynamics in electrical angstrom-scale channels. Tianshu Chu, Ze Zhou & Fu-Zhen Xuan Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Interpretable semi-supervised clustering enables universal detection and intensity assessment of diverse aviation hazardous winds The identification of aviation hazardous winds is crucial for flight safety, especially during take-off and landing. Here, authors propose an interpretable semi-supervised clustering method to detect diverse hazardous winds from radar/lidar observations, integrating prior knowledge and probabilistic models. Hang Gao, Chun Shen & Jianbing Li Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Surface chemical polishing and passivation minimize non-radiative recombination for all-perovskite tandem solar cells The efficiency of all-perovskite tandem solar cells is impacted by the nonradiative recombination loss in Sn–Pb mixed narrow bandgap perovskite films. Here, the authors utilize a surface polishing agent with surface passivator to deliver films with a close-to-ideal stoichiometric ratio surface. Yongyan Pan, Jianan Wang & Wei Chen Article 26 August 2024 | Open Access Observation of monopole topological mode Researchers have achieved the elusive monopole topological defect modes in 3D Dirac crystals with hedgehog mass configurations, completing the bulk topological-defect correspondence in full three dimensions and providing an optimal single mode resonance for future exploration. Hengbin Cheng, Jingyu Yang & Ling Lu Article 25 August 2024 | Open Access Asymmetric N-oxidation catalyzed by bisguanidinium dinuclear oxodiperoxomolybdosulfate Among heteroatom oxidations, the conversion of amines to N-oxides is a critical and challenging facet. Herein, the authors present an enantioselective N-oxidation methodology for both cyclic and acyclic amines, employing an ion-pair catalyst comprising a chiral bisguanidinium cation and an achiral oxodiperoxomolybdosulfate anion. Wentao Wu, Esther Cai Xia Ang & Xinyi Ye Article 25 August 2024 | Open Access Photo-induced decarboxylative C-S bond formation to access sterically hindered unsymmetric S-alkyl thiosulfonates and SS-alkyl thiosulfonates The conventional method for synthesizing thioether compounds typically relies on thiol, disulfide, and sulfinyl halide as initial substances, suffering from strong odors, limited availability, and reactivity issues. Here, the authors present an approach for assembling S-thiosulfonates and SS-thiosulfonates through the integration of dual copper/photoredox catalysis Yu Guo, Guotao Lin & Qiuling Song Article 25 August 2024 | Open Access Cooperative spin crossover leading to bistable and multi-inert system states in an iron(III) complex Spin-crossover compounds are molecular switches with functional high- and low-spin states. Here, the authors present an iron(III) complex that additionally also allows for continuous population of both states at low temperatures. Andreas Dürrmann, Gerald Hörner & Birgit Weber Article 25 August 2024 | Open Access Exhaustive local chemical space exploration using a transformer model Understanding molecular near neighbours is key for molecular optimization. Here, authors propose a transformer model that improves correlation between generation probability and molecular similarity, enhancing exploration of molecular neighbourhoods. Alessandro Tibo, Jiazhen He & Ola Engkvist Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Dynamical decoding of the competition between charge density waves in a kagome superconductor The interplay between charge density wave states in emerging kagome superconductors is a topic of ongoing debate. Here, the authors unveil the out-of-equilibrium competition between two coexisting charge density waves in CsV3Sb5 by harnessing time-resolved X-ray diffraction. Honglie Ning, Kyoung Hun Oh & Nuh Gedik Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Quasi-one-dimensional hydrogen bonding in nanoconfined ice Structural rules dictate that water molecules in bulk ice form four hydrogen bonds. Here, using atomistic simulations, the authors show that nanoconfined ice breaks these rules, and adopts a quasi-one-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network instead. Pavan Ravindra, Xavier R. Advincula & Venkat Kapil Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Emergent coherent modes in nonlinear magnonic waveguides detected at ultrahigh frequency resolution The authors realize the generation and electrical detection of nonlinear magnons in a ferrimagnetic insulator, giving rise to secondary nonlinear magnons with fine frequency structures on the order of a few MHz and specific propagation characteristics. K. An, M. Xu & D. Grundler Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Generation of out-of-plane polarized spin current by non-uniform oxygen octahedral tilt/rotation The authors realize generation of out-of-plane polarized spin current in perovskite oxide CaRuO3 with reduced crystal symmetry by engineering the oxygen octahedra, which can drive efficient field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization. Furong Han, Jing Zhang & Yue Zhang Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Self-assembled superstructure alleviates air-water interface effect in cryo-EM Air-water interface hinders cryo-EM reconstruction and achievable resolution. Here, a superstructure called GSAMs is developed to alleviate the air-water interface effect and improve the efficiency of cryo-EM analysis. Liming Zheng, Jie Xu & Hailin Peng Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Selective hydrogenation of nitro compounds to amines by coupled redox reactions over a heterogeneous biocatalyst The reduction of nitro-groups is a common synthetic route to amines, but biocatalytic strategies for such reactions are still being developed. In this study, the authors repurposed the hydrogenase enzyme by immobilisation on carbon black to yield a heterogeneous chemobiocatalyst for selective production of amines. Daria Sokolova, Tara C. Lurshay & Kylie A. Vincent Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Polyphenol-stabilized coacervates for enzyme-triggered drug delivery Membrane-free coacervates are interesting, but balancing stability and permeability can be challenging. Here, the authors report the use of a tannic acid modification to improve stability, and subsequent use of the modified coacervates in enzyme-triggered drug release. Wonjun Yim, Zhicheng Jin & Jesse V. Jokerst Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Trace element detection in anhydrous minerals by micro-scale quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nominally anhydrous minerals composing Earth’s and planetary rocks incorporate microscopic amounts of volatiles whose distribution affects their physical properties. Here the authors present an approach for trace-element quantification using micro-scale Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. Yunhua Fu, Renbiao Tao & Thomas Meier Article 24 August 2024 | Open Access Proximity-driven site-specific cyclization of phage-displayed peptides Cyclization provides a general strategy for improving peptide proteolytic stability, cell membrane permeability and target binding affinity. Here the authors develop a cyclopropenone-based proximity-driven chemical linker for the site-specific cyclization of phage-displayed peptides. Libby Brown, Aldrin V. Vidal & Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Multiple-stimuli fluorescent responsive metallo-organic helicated cage arising from monomer and excimer emission Effectively regulating monomer and excimer emission in a singular supramolecular luminous platform is challenging due to high difficulty of precise control over its aggregation and dispersion behavior when subjected to external stimuli. Here, the authors report a metallo-cage featuring a triple helical motif that displays a unique dual emission. Zhe Zhang, Qixia Bai & Tun Wu Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Maximizing interface stability in all-solid-state lithium batteries through entropy stabilization and fast kinetics The positive electrode/electrolyte interface is crucial for the performance of all-solid-state lithium batteries. Here, authors use a sintering technique to form a conformal interface between high-entropy disordered rock salt electrodes and garnet-type electrolytes to reduce interfacial resistance. Xiangkun Kong, Run Gu & Chengwei Wang Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Pd-Ru pair on Pt surface for promoting hydrogen oxidation and evolution in alkaline media Hydrogen oxidation in alkaline media is vital for fuel cells and ammonia compressors but typically requires costly platinum catalysts. Here the authors report a Pd-Ru pair decorated on Pt to enhance the mass activity of noble-metal for hydrogen oxidation reactions. Longsheng Cao, Fernando A. Soto & Chunsheng Wang Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Improving the creation of SiV centers in diamond via sub-μs pulsed annealing treatment Silicon-vacancy (SiV) centers in diamond are emerging as promising quantum emitters for various applications. Here, authors devised a novel pulsed annealing scheme that improves the conversion efficiency of SiV centers in diamond. Yan-Kai Tzeng, Feng Ke & Steven Chu Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Boosting oxygen evolution reaction by FeNi hydroxide-organic framework electrocatalyst toward alkaline water electrolyzer Developing cost-efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction is crucial for various modern energy technologies. Here the authors report an efficient and durable NiFe hydroxide organic framework catalyst for water oxidation at 1 A/cm2 with long durability over 1000 h. Yuzhen Chen, Qiuhong Li & Xiaoyong Xu Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Long wavelength near-infrared and red light-driven consecutive photo-induced electron transfer for highly effective photoredox catalysis As photocatalysis in organic chemistry is typically limited by the thermodynamics of single-electron transfer from photocatalysts, multiphoton excitation has emerged as a promising development, although one usually reliant on higher-energy visible light. Here, the authors develop a photocatalytic system consisting of perylene diimide and long-wavelength-absorbing photosensitizers, which enable multiphoton excitation with red light or near-infrared irradiation. Le Zeng, Ling Huang & Gang Han Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access N, N’-bidentate ligand anchored palladium catalysts on MOFs for efficient Heck reaction Metal-organic frameworks have earned attention for their potential to address the longevity of catalytic centers. Here, the authors have synthesized an amino-pyridine benzoic acid ligand to disperse palladium catalytic centers atomically resulting in a high average turnover number (95000) and low metal residue (4.8 ppm) in the Heck reaction. Xiao-Li Xu, Nian-Nian Wang & Yi Lu Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Development of a practical formate/bicarbonate energy system Liquid (organic) hydrogen carriers form a toolbox for the storage and transport of green hydrogen but organic salts have been scarcely investigated. Here, the authors present a potassium formate/potassium bicarbonate hydrogen storage and release energy system, that is applicable and shows stability over months. Rui Sang, Carolin Amber Martina Stein & Matthias Beller Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Microporous membrane with ionized sub-nanochannels enabling highly selective monovalent and divalent anion separation Membranes tailored for selective ion transport represent a promising avenue toward enhancing sustainability across various fields but limited interaction between ions and nanochannels in polymers of intrinsic microporosity hinders their effectiveness. Here, the authors introduce the randomly twisted V-shaped structure of Tröger’s Base unit and quaternary ammonium groups to construct ionized sub-nanochannel membranes and demonstrate the enhanced transport of the dehydrated monovalent ions. Mei-Ling Liu, Yu Chen & Shi-Peng Sun Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Enantioconvergent synthesis of axially chiral amides enabled by Pd-catalyzed dynamic kinetic asymmetric aminocarbonylation Axially chiral biaryls containing carbonyl groups not only exist in various drug candidates but also serve as organo-catalysts or ligands in diverse asymmetric transformations. Herein, the authors report palladium-catalyzed enantioconvergent aminocarbonylation of racemic heterobiaryl triflates via dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation. Lei Su, Shen Gao & Jiawang Liu Article 23 August 2024 | Open Access Femtosecond laser writing of ant-inspired reconfigurable microbot collectives Microbot collectives can cooperate to accomplish complex tasks that are difficult for a single individual. Here, the authors report magnetic and light-driven ant microbot collectives that are capable of reconfiguring multiple assembled architectures. Zhongguo Ren, Chen Xin & Dong Wu